[Spring MVC菜鸟之旅] 搭建一个最简单的Spring MVC应用程序

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应用结构

先贴上一张本文最终运行成功的Spring MVC程序的结构图

结构图

项目搭建

1.使用Maven导入SpringMVC所依赖的包，修改pom.xml文件

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<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" 
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.niklaus.learning</groupId>
  <artifactId>learning</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  
  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <spring.version>4.3.0.RELEASE</spring.version>
  </properties>
  
  <dependencies>
    
    <!-- spring start -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- spring end -->
    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>4.0.0-b01</version>
  </dependency>
  
  </dependencies>
</project>

2.修改WEB-INF下的web.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" 
id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
  <!-- 配置spring核心servlet -->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

3.在WEB-INF下创建dispatcher-servlet.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"  
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd  
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc  
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd  
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"  
    default-lazy-init="true">
    
    <!-- 处理对静态资源的请求 -->
    <mvc:resources location="/resources/**" mapping="/resources/" />    
  
    <!-- 添加注解驱动 -->  
    <mvc:annotation-driven />  
    
    <!-- 默认扫描的包路径 -->  
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.niklaus.learn" /> 
    
    <!-- 对模型视图名称的解析，在请求时模型视图名称添加前后缀 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
      <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />  
      <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
      <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> 
    </bean>
</beans>

项目测试

根据dispatcher-servlet.xml配置在/WEB-INF/views下创建前台页面login.jsp

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<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>LOGIN</title>
</head>
<body>
  <p>Hello,World!</p>
</body>
</html>

根据dispatcher-servlet.xml配置的包路径，创建controller

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package com.niklaus.learn.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
@RequestMapping(value="/system")
public class SystemController {
  @RequestMapping(value="/login",method=RequestMethod.GET)
  public ModelAndView login(){
    ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView("login");
    System.out.println("login");
    return mav;
  }
}

部署项目，并访问http://localhost:8080/system/login

结束

如此我们就完成了一个最为简单的SpringMVC项目

更新时间

  • 发布时间 ： 2016-06-25
看你的了！